According to Love and Bailey's "A Short Practice of Surgery", the gallbladder is a pear-shaped muscular sac located on the visceral surface of the liver that serves as a reservoir for bile. It plays a crucial role in the storage, concentration, and release of bile into the duodenum.
An inguinal hernia is the protrusion of abdominal contents (usually intestine or omentum) through a weak point in the lower abdominal wall in the inguinal region, either through the inguinal canal or its posterior wall.
"A hernia is an abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through an opening in the layer that normally confines it." According to Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery
the stomach is a J-shaped dilated portion of the gastrointestinal tract that serves as a reservoir for food and initiates the digestive process through mechanical and chemical means.
When these cushions become engorged, prolapsed, or symptomatic, they are referred to as hemorrhoidal disease.
the thyroid gland is one of the most important endocrine organs, regulating metabolism, growth, and development through the production of thyroid hormones.